WAYANG GOLEK (Puppet Show) Puppet show is one of the typical soil Sundanese arts. In general, puppet show is traditionally made by the inhabitants of certain villages in West Java.
Puppet show is currently more dominant as performing folk arts, which have functions that are relevant to the environmental community's needs, both spiritual and material needs. This way we can see from some of the activities in communities, for example when there is celebration, a good celebration (party festivity) in order circumcisions, weddings and other diriingi sometimes with a puppet show.
In addition, because the puppet show khasanya also often functioned as sufenir / keepsake typical Sunda land.
Prices are relatively cheap puppet show, kisaranya largely determined by the accuracy of the engraving / degree of difficulty in pembuatanya also the raw material. Mang declined Iin one of Wayang puppet craftsmen from the area Rancakalong, Sumedang, to puppet with details that are not too complicated, he could finish 3-4 puppets fruit a day, while for the puppet with the detail / high quality it can take 3-4 days to complete a puppet.
In general, puppets made of wood Albasia marketed with a price range of Rp. 15,000 / unit complete with clothing and accessories. While the puppet is better quality by using mahogany wood etc.. marketed at a price of Rp. 40,000 s / d Rp. 150,000 / unit.
WAYANG KULIT (shadow play)
Puppet one of the nation's top arts and culture of Indonesia's most prominent among the many works of other cultures. Role of puppet culture including art, sound art, music, speech arts, literary arts, painting, sculpture, and art is also symbolic. Puppet culture, which continues to grow from age to age, is also a medium lighting, propaganda, education, entertainment, philosophical understanding, as well as entertainment.
According to research by historians of culture, culture is a culture puppet native to Indonesia, particularly in Java.
The existence of wayang already centuries before the Hindus entered the island of Java. Although a popular puppet story in today's society is an adaptation of the works of Indian literature, namely Ramayana and Mahabharata. The second story in the puppet master undergone many changes and additions to adapt them to the original philosophy of Indonesia.
Adjustment of the concept of philosophy is also concerned at the Java community philosophical views on the status of the gods in the puppet. The gods in the puppet is no longer something that is free from wrong, but like the other God's creatures, sometimes act wrong, and could be a blunder. The presence of puppet characters panakawan dalam_ deliberately created the humanists In ¬ Indonesians (Javanese cultural exact) for the mem ¬ strengthen the concept of philosophy that in this world there is no creature that is really good, and truly evil. Every creature has always bears the elements of good and evil.
In his dissertation entitled Bijdrage tot de Kennis van het Javaansche Tooneel (1897), Dutch cultural historian Dr. GA.J. Hazeau demonstrate his belief that the puppet show is a native of Java. Understanding the puppet in the dissertation of Dr.. Hazeau it is walulang inukir (carved leather) and seen its shadow on the screen. Thus, the puppet in question of course is a Shadow Puppet as we know it today.
OriginRegarding the origin of this puppet, in the world there are two opinions. First, the opinion that the puppet originated and was first born on the island of Java, precisely in East Java. This opinion is in addition to adopted and raised by researchers and experts in the nation of Indonesia, also the result of research of Western scholars. Among Western scholars belonging to this group, is Hazeau, Brandes, Kats, Rentse, and Kruyt.
The reason they are strong enough. Among other things, that the art of puppet is still very closely related to sociocultural and religious nation state of Indonesia, especially the Javanese. Panakawan, the most significant figures in the puppet, which Semar, Gareng, Petruk, Bagong, there are only puppets in Indonesia, and not in another country. In addition, names and technical terms puppet shows, it all comes from the Javanese (Kuna), and not other languages.
Estimated to have been born puppet culture in the Indo ¬ nesia at least during the reign of King Airlangga, king Kahuripan (976 -1012), ie when the kingdom in East Java that was prosperous, its wealthy ¬. Literary works are the subject of puppet story was written by the poets Indonesia, since the century X. Among other things, the script-language literature Kakawin Book of Old Javanese Ramayana written in the reign of Dyah Balitung (989-910), which is a recomposition of the Book of the Ramayana written by poet In ¬ he, Valmiki. Furthermore, the poets of Java is no longer just translate the Ramayana and the Mahabharata into Old Javanese language, but compose and retell by incorporating into it the philosophy of Java.
For example, the work of the professor Kanwa Arjunawiwaha Kakawin, which is composed by a berinduk on the Book of Mahabharata. Composition different from other, more tangible version of the original story derigan In ¬ he is Baratayuda Kakawin work professor and professor Panuluh Sedah. This great work done during the reign of King Jayabaya, king of Kadiri (1130-1160).Puppet as a performance and spectacle had already started there since the reign of King Airlangga. Some inscriptions are made in those days, among others already mentioned the words "mawa ¬ a 'and` aringgit' which means that the per ¬ puppet show.
Regarding the birth of cultural puppets, Ir. Sri Mulyono in his book Symbolism and Mysticism in the Puppet (1979), estimate the puppet has existed since the time of Neolithikum, ie approximately 1,500 years before Christ. His opinion was based on the writings Robert von Heine-Geldern Ph. D, ¬ toric Prehis Research in the Netherland Indies (1945) and Prof. writing. K.A.H. Hidding in the Encyclopedia of Indone ¬ 987 pages worth.
The word `puppet 'probably derived from the word` wewa ¬ shadow', which means shadow. This assumption is consistent with the fact the Shadow Puppet performances that uses color, a piece of cloth, as a barrier between the puppeteer who plays the puppet, and the audience behind the curtain. Viewers simply watch the puppet movements through the shadows fall on the screen. At that time the wayang accompanied only by a simple set of gamelan consist of saron, Todung (a type of flute), and kemanak. Other types of gamelan and singer at that time allegedly does not exist.
For more menjawakan puppet culture, since the early era of the Majapahit Kingdom introduced another puppet story that is not berinduk on the Book of the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. Since then the story ¬ Panji story; the story about the ancestor of the kings of Majapahit, was introduced as one form of another puppet. Bannerman story is then used more for show Wayang Beber. The tradition of wayang menjawakan also forwarded by some Islamic scholars, among them by the Wali Sanga. They began mewayangkan story of the king of Majapahit, including Damarwulan story.
Introduction of Islam to Indonesia since the 15th century also gave a major influence on the culture of puppets, especially the religious concept of the puppet's philosophy. At the beginning of the 15th century, namely the time of the Kingdom of Demak, began to use specially shaped oil lamps called blencong on Wayang performances.
Since the days of Kartasura, composing a puppet story in the Ramayana and Mahabharata berinduk farther away from the original. Since the days of the community's fans know the genealogy of wayang puppet characters, including the figure his god, which originated from the Prophet Adam. Sisilah it continued to arrive at the kings on the island of Java. And furthermore, also known as the story began to grip puppet. the appropriate standard of stories, puppets and stories carangan beyond the standard line. Also there's more drama called splinter, which was too far out of the story grip.
Indeed, so strong as puppet art is rooted in the culture of Indonesia, so there was some confusion between the wayang stories, legends, and history. If the Indians thought that the story of Mahabharata and Ramayana actually occurred in his country, regarded Javanese wayang story actually happened on the island of Java.
And in the region Kulonprogo own puppet is still very interested by all circles. Not just by parents alone, but also teenagers and even young children have also been used to seeing puppet show. Besides ordinary puppet also in use in certain events in the area Kulonprogo, both in urban areas or in rural areas Wates in Kulonprogo.
Regarding the birth of cultural puppets, Ir. Sri Mulyono in his book Symbolism and Mysticism in the Puppet (1979), estimate the puppet has existed since the time of Neolithikum, ie approximately 1,500 years before Christ. His opinion was based on the writings Robert von Heine-Geldern Ph. D, ¬ toric Prehis Research in the Netherland Indies (1945) and Prof. writing. K.A.H. Hidding in the Encyclopedia of Indone ¬ 987 pages worth.
The word `puppet 'probably derived from the word` wewa ¬ shadow', which means shadow. This assumption is consistent with the fact the Shadow Puppet performances that uses color, a piece of cloth, as a barrier between the puppeteer who plays the puppet, and the audience behind the curtain. Viewers simply watch the puppet movements through the shadows fall on the screen. At that time the wayang accompanied only by a simple set of gamelan consist of saron, Todung (a type of flute), and kemanak. Other types of gamelan and singer at that time allegedly does not exist.
For more menjawakan puppet culture, since the early era of the Majapahit Kingdom introduced another puppet story that is not berinduk on the Book of the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. Since then the story ¬ Panji story; the story about the ancestor of the kings of Majapahit, was introduced as one form of another puppet. Bannerman story is then used more for show Wayang Beber. The tradition of wayang menjawakan also forwarded by some Islamic scholars, among them by the Wali Sanga. They began mewayangkan story of the king of Majapahit, including Damarwulan story.
Introduction of Islam to Indonesia since the 15th century also gave a major influence on the culture of puppets, especially the religious concept of the puppet's philosophy. At the beginning of the 15th century, namely the time of the Kingdom of Demak, began to use specially shaped oil lamps called blencong on Wayang performances.
Since the days of Kartasura, composing a puppet story in the Ramayana and Mahabharata berinduk farther away from the original. Since the days of the community's fans know the genealogy of wayang puppet characters, including the figure his god, which originated from the Prophet Adam. Sisilah it continued to arrive at the kings on the island of Java. And furthermore, also known as the story began to grip puppet. the appropriate standard of stories, puppets and stories carangan beyond the standard line. Also there's more drama called splinter, which was too far out of the story grip.
Indeed, so strong as puppet art is rooted in the culture of Indonesia, so there was some confusion between the wayang stories, legends, and history. If the Indians thought that the story of Mahabharata and Ramayana actually occurred in his country, regarded Javanese wayang story actually happened on the island of Java.
And in the region Kulonprogo own puppet is still very interested by all circles. Not just by parents alone, but also teenagers and even young children have also been used to seeing puppet show. Besides ordinary puppet also in use in certain events in the area Kulonprogo, both in urban areas or in rural areas Wates in Kulonprogo.
http://budayawayangkulit.blogspot.com/2009/01/wayang-kulit-wayang-salah-satu-puncak.html
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